Ancestral water management: An analysis of scientific output using bibliometrics and graph theory

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47909/awari.781

Keywords:

ancestral water technologies, ancestral water management, sustainability, water supply, bibliometric analysis, graph theory

Abstract

The study aimed to examine, using graph theory and bibliometric analysis, scientific output related to ancestral water management. The methodological development comprised two phases. The initial phase entailed the scientific mapping of the area under investigation through a bibliometric analysis of scientific output recorded in Scopus and Web of Science. The subsequent phase entailed a network analysis, which facilitated the identification of the most salient documents concerning ancestral water management and the delineation of the predominant perspectives that currently inform research in this domain. The results indicated that 43% of the research conducted in this field published in the last 5 years. A review of scientific output by country revealed that the United States and China were leading nations in scientific production. The concept of co-occurrence networks substantiated the correlation between an adequate water supply and its effective management, as well as the sustainability of water resources, soil, irrigation, and, consequently, agricultural crops. The network analysis yielded two perspectives that merited further investigation in future research: firstly, the experiences and lessons from ancient cultures’ water management that were relevant to the present, and secondly, the structures and use of raw materials in ancestral hydrotechnologies. The potential for future research on ancestral water management was considerable, particularly in terms of articulating lessons learned from the past and current concerns.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Acevedo, J. P., Robledo, S., & Sepúlveda, M. Z. (2020). Subáreas de internacionalización de emprendimientos: una revisión bibliográfica. Económicas CUC, 42(1), 249–268. https://doi.org/10.17981/econcuc.42.1.2021.org.7

Agricultura, O. de las N. U. para la A. y la. (2018). El trabajo de la FAO sobre agroecología. https://www.fao.org/publications/card/es/c/I9021ES/

Ahmed, A. T., Gohary, F. E., Tzanakakis, V. A., & Angelakis, A. N. (2020). Egyptian and greek water cultures and hydro-technologies in ancient times. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(22), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229760

Altieri, M. A., & Nicholls, C. (2020). Agroecology: Challenges and opportunities for farming in the Anthropocene. International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 47(3), 204–215. https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v47i3.2281

Angelakis, A. N., Koutsoyiannis, D., & Tchobanoglous, G. (2005). Urban wastewater and stormwater technologies in ancient Greece. Water Research, 39(1), 210–220. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.08.033

Angelakis, A. N., & Spyridakis, S. V. (1996). The status of water resources in Minoan times: A preliminary study.

Angelakis, A. N., Valipour, M., Ahmed, A. T., Tzanakakis, V., Paranychianakis, N. V, Krasilnikoff, J., Drusiani, R., Mays, L., El Gohary, F., Koutsoyiannis, D., Khan, S., & Del Giacco, L. J. (2021). Water conflicts: From ancient to modern times and in the future. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084237

Angelakis, A. N., Valipour, M., Choo, K.-H., Ahmed, A. T., Baba, A., Kumar, R., Toor, G. S., & Wang, Z. (2021). Desalination: From ancient to present and future. Water, 13(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/w13162222

Angelakis, A. N., Zaccaria, D., Krasilnikoff, J., Salgot, M., Bazza, M., Roccaro, P., Jimenez, B., Kumar, A., Yinghua, W., Baba, A., Harrison, J. A., Garduno-Jimenez, A., & Fereres, E. (2020). Irrigation of world agricultural lands: Evolution through the Millennia. Water (Switzerland), 12(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/W12051285

Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007

Banasiak, P. Z., Berezowski, P. L., Zapłata, R., Mielcarek, M., Duraj, K., & Stereńczak, K. (2022). Semantic segmentation (U-Net) of archaeological features in airborne laser scanning—Example of the Białowieża Forest. Remote Sensing, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040995

Bastian, M., Heymann, S., & Jacomy, M. (2009). Gephi: An open source software for exploring and manipulating networks. In International AAAI conference on weblogs and social media. https://gephi.org/users/publications/

Beach, T., Luzzadder-Beach, S., Krause, S., Guderjan, T., Valdez, F., Fernandez-Diaz, J. C., Eshleman, S., & Doyle, C. (2019). Ancient Maya wetland fields revealed under tropical forest canopy from laser scanning and multiproxy evidence. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(43), 21469–21477. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910553116

Buitrago, S., Duque, P., & Robledo, S. (2020). Branding Corporativo: una revisión bibliográfica. Económicas CUC, 41(1). https://doi.org/10.17981/econcuc.41.1.2020.Org.1

Cabrera-Otálora, M. C., Nieto-Gómez, L., & Giraldo-Díaz, R. (2022). Comportamiento proambiental: análisis bibliométrico 2000-2021 y caracterización de perspectivas. OIDLES. Desarrollo Local y Economía Social, 16(32), 1–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51896/OIDLES/ARQV9018

Callaham M. A. J., & Stanturf, J. A. (2020). Soil ecology and restoration science. In Soils and landscape restoration. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813193-0.00002-3

Canuto, M. A., Estrada-Belli, F., Garrison, T. G., Houston, S. D., Acuña, M. J., Kováč, M., Marken, D., Nondédéo, P., Auld-Thomas, L., Castanet, C., Chatelain, D., Chiriboga, C. R., Drápela, T., Lieskovský, T., Tokovinine, A., Velasquez, A., Fernández-Díaz, J. C., & Shrestha, R. (2018). Ancient lowland Maya complexity as revealed by airborne laser scanning of northern Guatemala. Science (New York, N.Y.), 361(6409), Article eaau0137. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau0137

Carvalheiro, L. G., Bartomeus, I., Rollin, O., Timóteo, S., & Tinoco, C. F. (2021). The role of soils on pollination and seed dispersal. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 376(1834), Article 20200171. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0171

Chase, A. S. Z., & Cesaretti, R. (2019). Diversity in ancient Maya water management strategies and landscapes at Caracol, Belize, and Tikal, Guatemala. WIREs Water, 6(2), Article e1332. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1332

Clavijo-Tapia, F. J., Duque-Hurtado, P. L., Arias-Cerquera, G., & Tolosa-Castañeda, M. A. (2021). Organizational communication: a bibliometric analysis from 2005 to 2020. Clío América, 15(29). https://doi.org/10.21676/23897848.4311

Correa Espinal, A. A., Cogollo Flórez, J. M., & Salazar López, J. C. (2011). Aplicación de la teoría de grafos en la solución de problemas con impacto ambiental. Producción + Limpia, 6(1), 9–20. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1909-04552011000100002&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=es

Cortes, A. (2018). Estado actual del recurso suelo. In Centro Universitario Internacional de Barcelona. https://www.unibarcelona.com/int/actualidad/noticias/estado-actual-del-recurso-suelo

Cun, C., Zhang, W., Che, W., & Sun, H. (2019). Review of urban drainage and stormwater management in ancient China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103600

Deconinck, K., Giner, C., Jackson, L. A., & Toyama, L. (2021). Overcoming evidence gaps on food systems. OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, 163. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/44ba7574-en.

Deepa, R., Mubashir, M., Samrat, A., Moorthy, V., & Venkataraman, R. (2020). Smart as well as energy harvesting systems for rural agricultural dealers and farmers using iot. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(8 Special Issue), 765–775. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083853506&partnerID=40&md5=f5a07b12bc7929086436b02c4c418c03

Di Vaio, A., Palladino, R., Pezzi, A., & Kalisz, D. E. (2021). The role of digital innovation in knowledge management systems: A systematic literature review. Journal of Business Research, 123, 220–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.09.042

Dunning, N. P., Anaya Hernández, A., Beach, T., Carr, C., Griffin, R., Jones, J. G., Lentz, D. L., Luzzadder-Beach, S., Reese-Taylor, K., & Šprajc, I. (2019). Margin for error: Anthropogenic geomorphology of Bajo edges in the Maya Lowlands. Geomorphology, 331, 127–145. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.09.002

Duque, P., & Cervantes-Cervantes, L.-S. (2019). Responsabilidad Social Universitaria: una revisión sistemática y análisis bibliométrico. Estudios Gerenciales, 35(153), 451–464. https://doi.org/10.18046/j.estger.2019.153.3389

Duque, P., Meza, O. E., Giraldo, D., & Barreto, K. (2021). Economía Social y Economía Solidaria: un análisis bibliométrico y revisión de literatura. REVESCO. Revista de Estudios Cooperativos, 138, e75566–e75566. https://doi.org/10.5209/reve.75566

Duque, P., Meza, O., Zapata, G., & Giraldo, J. (2021). Internacionalización de empresas latinas: evolución y tendencias. Económicas CUC, 42(1). https://doi.org/10.17981/econcuc.42.1.2021.Org.1

Duque, P., Samboni, V., Castro, M., Montoya, L. A., & Montoya, I. A. (2020). Neuromarketing: Its current status and research perspectives. Estudios Gerenciales, 36(157). https://doi.org/10.18046/j.estger.2020.157.3890

Duque, P., Toro, A., Ramírez, D., & Carvajal, M. E. (2020). Marketing viral: Aplicación y tendencias. Clío América, 14(27), 454–468. https://doi.org/10.21676/23897848.3759

Duque, P., Trejos, D., Hoyos, O., & Chica, J. C. (2021). Finanzas corporativas y sostenibilidad: un análisis bibliométrico e identificación de tendencias. Semestre Económico, 24(56), 25–51. https://doi.org/10.22395/seec.v24n56a1

Dutta, P., Choi, T.-M., Somani, S., & Butala, R. (2020). Blockchain technology in supply chain operations: Applications, challenges and research opportunities. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2020.102067

Echchakoui, S. S. (2020). Why and how to merge Scopus and Web of Science during bibliometric analysis: The case of sales force literature from 1912 to 2019. Journal of Marketing Analytics, 8(3), 165–184. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41270-020-00081-9

Escudero, J., Muñoz, J. L., Morera-Herreras, T., Hernandez, R., Medrano, J., Domingo-Echaburu, S., Barceló, D., Orive, G., & Lertxundi, U. (2021). Antipsychotics as environmental pollutants: An underrated threat? Science of the Total Environment, 769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144634

Esmaeili, G., Habibi, A., & Esmaeili, H. R. (2022). Qanat system, an ancient water management system in Iran: History, architectural design and fish diversity. International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 10(2), 131–144. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85133570295&partnerID=40&md5=6b110ea2aa1bfda23788c9377f1d0088

FAO, ITPS, GSBI, SCBD, & EC. (2020). State of knowledge of soil biodiversity—Status, challenges and potentialities, report 2020. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4060/cb1928en

Fernandes, D. A., Gobbo, S. D. A., Suhet, M. I., & Amaral, A. A. do. (2014). Uso da água e sustentabilidade da agricultura. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 8(5), 101–107. https://www.gvaa.com.br/revista/index.php/RVADS/article/view/1987

Freeman, L. C. (1977). A set of measures of centrality based on betweenness. Sociometry, 40(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.2307/3033543

French, K. D., & Duffy, C. J. (2014). Understanding ancient Maya water resources and the implications for a more sustainable future. WIREs Water, 1(3), 305–313. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1024

Gates-Foster, J., Goncalves, I., Redon, B., Cuvigny, H., Hepa, M., & Faucher, T. (2021). The early imperial fortress of Berkou, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Journal of Roman Archaeology, 34(1), 30–74. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047759421000337

Giménez Cacho, M., Giraldo, O. F., Aldasoro, M., Morales, H., Ferguson, B., Rosset, P., Khadse, A., & Campos, C. (2018). Bringing agroecology to scale: Key drivers and emblematic cases. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 42(6), 637–665. https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2018.1443313

Giraldo-Díaz, R. (2020). Construcción de una propuesta de ciudadanía ambiental basada en prácticas agroecológicas de la Zona de Reserva Campesina en San Isidro, Pradera, Valle del Cauca, Colombia [Universidad Nacional de Colombia]. https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77684

Giraldo-Díaz, R., Cabrera-Otálora, M. I., & Nieto-Gómez, L. E. (2022). Soberanía Alimentaria en América Latina y tenencia de la tierra en Colombia. Grupo Eumed.net, Universidad de Murcia. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.6702212

Giraldo, O. F., & Rosset, P. M. (2021). Princpios sociales de las agroecologías emancipadoras. Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, 58(0), 708–732. https://doi.org/10.5380/dma.v58i0.77785

Grauer, K. C. (2020). Active environments: Relational ontologies of landscape at the ancient Maya city of Aventura, Belize. Journal of Social Archaeology, 20(1), 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469605319871362

Gurzki, H., & Woisetschläger, D. M. (2017). Mapping the luxury research landscape: A bibliometric citation analysis. Journal of Business Research, 77, 147–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.11.009

Haug, B. (2021). Civilizing the past: Egyptian irrigation in the colonial imagination. Journal of Egyptian History, 14(1), 59–102. https://doi.org/10.1163/18741665-12340071

Horowitz, R. A., Clarke, M. E., & Seligson, K. E. (2021). Querying quarries: Stone extraction practices and socioeconomic organization in three sub-regions of the Maya Lowlands. Journal of Field Archaeology, 46(8), 551–570. https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2021.1947562

Hunter, M. (2021). Water infrastructural heritage: Management and governance. Infrastructure Asset Management. https://doi.org/10.1680/jinam.20.00031

Isendahl, C. (2011). The weight of water: A new look at pre-hispanic Puuc Maya water reservoirs. Ancient Mesoamerica, 22(1), 185–197. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0956536111000149

Kaptijn, E. (2018). Learning from ancient water management: Archeology’s role in modern-day climate change adaptations. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/WAT2.1256

Khan, S., Yilmaz, N., Valipour, M., & Angelakis, A. N. (2021). Hydro-technologies of mehrgarh, baluchistan and indus valley civilizations, punjab, pakistan (Ca. 7000–1500 bc). Water (Switzerland), 13(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/w13202813

Koutsoyiannis, D., Zarkadoulas, N., Angelakis, A. N., & Tchobanoglous, G. (2008). Urban water management in ancient Greece: Legacies and lessons. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 134(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2008)134:1(45)

Krause, S., Beach, T., Luzzadder-Beach, S., Guderjan, T. H., Valdez, F., Eshleman, S., Doyle, C., & Bozarth, S. R. (2019). Ancient Maya wetland management in two watersheds in Belize: Soils, water, and paleoenvironmental change. Quaternary International, 502, 280–295. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.10.029

Kumar, D., & Sharma, P. K. (2020). A review on opuntia species and its chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacology and bioapplications. Current Nutrition and Food Science, 16(8), 1227–1244. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573401316666200220092414

Landinez, D. A., Robledo Giraldo, S., & Montoya Londoño, D. M. (2019). Executive Function performance in patients with obesity: A systematic review. Psychol., 13(2), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.21500/19002386.4230

Leonel, L. P., & Tonetti, A. L. (2021). Wastewater reuse for crop irrigation: Crop yield, soil and human health implications based on giardiasis epidemiology. Science of the Total Environment, 775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145833

Londra, P. A., Kotsatos, I.-E., Theotokatos, N., Theocharis, A. T., & Dercas, N. (2021). Reliability analysis of rainwater harvesting tanks for irrigation use in greenhouse agriculture. Hydrology, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/HYDROLOGY8030132

Lu, H., Zhang, G., He, S., Zhao, R., & Zhu, D. (2021). Purple non-sulfur bacteria technology: A promising and potential approach for wastewater treatment and bioresources recovery. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 37(9). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-021-03133-z

Lucero, L. J. (2006). Water and ritual. University of Texas Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7560/709997

Lucero, L. J., Fletcher, R., & Coningham, R. (2015). From ‘collapse’ to urban diaspora: The transformation of low-density, dispersed agrarian urbanism. Antiquity, 89(347), 1139–1154. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.15184/aqy.2015.51

Lucero, L. J., Gunn, J. D., & Scarborough, V. L. (2011). Climate change and classic maya water management. Water, 3(2), 479–494. https://doi.org/10.3390/w3020479

Mays, L. W., Koutsoyiannis, D., & Angelakis, A. N. (2007). A brief history of urban water supply in antiquity. Water Supply, 7(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2007.001

Mooney, P., & ETC, G. (2019). La insostenible Agricultura 4.0. Digitalización y poder corporativo en la cadena alimentaria. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiAopC50ZfyAhUURTABHd1fDPcQFnoECAcQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etcgroup.org%2Fsites%2Fwww.etcgroup.org%2Ffiles%2Ffiles%2Fla_insostenible_agricultura_4.0_web26oct.pdf&usg=

Moreira-Segura, C., Araya-Rodríguez, F., & Charpentier-Esquivel, C. (2015). El agua como parte de la cultura de las comunidades rurales: un análisis para la cuenca del río San Carlos. Revista Tecnología En Marcha, 28(2), 126–140. http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0379-39822015000200126&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=es

Nicholson-Sanz, M. (2020). The performance of water governance as cultural heritage in Peru1. Contemporary Theatre Review, 30(4), 509–524. https://doi.org/10.1080/10486801.2020.1818073

Nieto-Gómez, L. E., Vallejo, J. L., & Giraldo-Díaz, R. (2015). Crisis Ambiental Como Crisis De Civilización. In El Cambio de paisaje y la agroecología como alternativas a la Crisis Ambiental Contemporánea (pp. 15–34). Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD. https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/39558

OCDE-FAO Perspectivas Agricolas 2016-2025. (2016). OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/agr_outlook-2016-es

OECD/UE. (2020). Puntos fundamentales Ciudades del mundo Una nueva perspectiva sobre la urbanización. https://www.oecd.org/cfe/Cities-in-the-world-Highlights-SPA.pdf

OECD. (2012a). Gobernabilidad del Agua en América Latina y el Caribe. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264079779-es

OECD. (2012b). OECD Environmental outlook to 2050. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264122246-en

OECD. (2022a). Financing a water secure future. OECD. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/a2ecb261-en

OECD. (2022b). Managing and financing water for growth in Thailand. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/839a4f70-en

Ordonez C. Song I.-Y., A.-K. G. K. I. T. A. M. (Ed.). (2019). 21st International conference on big data analytics and knowledge discovery, DaWaK 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 11708 LNCS. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077123701&partnerID=40&md5=429d78ef86ee1587a7fa28fd25cc27bd

Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación. (2004). El futuro de la agricultura depende de la biodiversidad. http://www.fao.org/newsroom/es/focus/2004/51102/index.html

Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura—FAO. (2013). Tecnologías para el uso sostenible del Agua. Una contribución a la seguridad alimentaria y la adaptación al cambio climático. In Global Water partnership. FAO. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3442s.pdf

Penchalaiah, N., Nelson Emmanuel, J., Suraj Kamal, S., & Ramana, K. (2021). IoT based automatic irrigation system using wireless sensor networks. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 698, 1255–1272. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7961-5_116

Pineda, P., Medina-Carrasco, S., Iranzo, A., Borau, L., & García-Jiménez, I. (2022). Pore structure and interdisciplinary analyses in Roman mortars: Building techniques and durability factors identification. Construction and Building Materials, 317, Article 125821. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125821

Pranckutė, R. (2021). Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus: The titans of bibliographic information in today’s academic world. Publications, 9(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications9010012

Queiroz, M. M., & Fosso Wamba, S. (2021). A structured literature review on the interplay between emerging technologies and COVID-19—Insights and directions to operations fields. Annals of Operations Research, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04107-y

Ramos, V., Duque, P., & Vieira, J. A. (2021). Responsabilidad Social Corporativa y Emprendimiento: evolución y tendencias de investigación. Desarrollogerencial, 13(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.17081/dege.13.1.4210

Remmington, G. (2018). Transforming tradition: The aflaj and changing role of traditional knowledge systems for collective water management. Journal of Arid Environments, 151, 134–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.10.003

Robledo, S., Osorio, G., & Lopez, C. (2014). Networking en pequeña empresa: una revisión bibliográfica utilizando la teoria de grafos. Vinculos, 11(2), 6–16. https://doi.org/10.14483/2322939X.9664

Rosa, C. D., & Collado, S. (2020). Enhancing nature conservation and health: Changing the focus to active pro-environmental behaviours. Psychological Studies, 65(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-019-00516-z

Rubaceti, N. A. B., Giraldo, S. R., & Sepulveda, M. Z. (2022). Una revisión bibliográfica del Fintech y sus principales subáreas de estudio. Económicas CUC, 43(1). https://doi.org/10.17981/econcuc.43.1.2022.Econ.4

Sánchez, W. (2015). Sabiduría ancestral y nuevas ruralidades. In Ciudadanía ambiental, crisis de la agricultura convencional y desafíos para una agroecología orientada como desarrollo rural (pp. 59–62). Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD. https://hemeroteca.unad.edu.co/index.php/book/article/view/1321

Sapiains, P., Figueroa, V., Hayashida, F., Salazar, D., Menzies, A., González, C., Loyola, R., Murphy, B., González, J., Parcero-Oubiña, C., & Troncoso, A. (2021). Supergene copper and the ancient mining landscapes of the atacama desert: Refining the protocol for the study of archaeological copper minerals through the case study of Pukara de Turi. Minerals, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/min11121402

Saqib, N. U., Shah, I., & Adnan, R. (2022). An emerging photocatalyst for wastewater remediation: A mini-review on CaCu3Ti4O12 photocatalysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(27), 40403–40414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19703-z

Scarborough, V. L. (1996). Reservoirs and watersheds in the central Maya lowlands. In The managed mosaic: Ancient Maya agriculture and resource use (pp. 304–314). University of Utah Press.

Scarborough, V. L. (1998). Ecology and ritual: Water management and the Maya. Latin American Antiquity, 9(2), 135–159. https://doi.org/10.2307/971991

Scarborough, V. L., Dunning, N. P., Tankersley, K. B., Carr, C., Weaver, E., Grazioso, L., Lane, B., Jones, J. G., Buttles, P., Valdez, F., & Lentz, D. L. (2012). Water and sustainable land use at the ancient tropical city of Tikal, Guatemala. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(31), 12408–12413. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1202881109

Scarborough, V. L., & Lucero, L. J. (2010). The non-hierarchical development of complexity in the semitropics: Water and cooperation. Water History, 2(2), 185–205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12685-010-0026-z

Scarborough, V. L., Valdez, F., Dunning, N. P., & others. (2003). Heterarchy, political economy, and the ancient Maya: The three rivers region of the east-central Yucatán Peninsula. University of Arizona Press.

Schroder, W., Murtha, T., Golden, C., Anaya Hernández, A., Scherer, A., Morell-Hart, S., Almeyda Zambrano, A., Broadbent, E., & Brown, M. (2020). The lowland Maya settlement landscape: Environmental LiDAR and ecology. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 33, Article 102543. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102543

Secinaro, S., Francesca, D. M., Brescia, V., & Calandra, D. (2021). Blockchain in the accounting, auditing and accountability fields: A bibliometric and coding analysis. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-10-2020-4987

Selvaraj, T., Devadas, P., Perumal, J. L., Zabaniotou, A., & Ganesapillai, M. (2022). A comprehensive review of the potential of stepwells as sustainable water management structures. Water (Switzerland), 14(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/w14172665

Selvaraj, T., Yadav, A., Bahuguna, H., Drewnowski, J., & Ganesapillai, M. (2021). Ancient settlements-atavistic solutions for present water supply and drainage problems engendered by urbanism. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(5), 8076–8088. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00954-0

Sevilla, E. (2018). Comunicación oral. Conferencia inaugural. VII Congreso Internacional de Agroecología: repolitizando los sistemas agroalimentarios.

Somrak, M., Džeroski, S., & Kokalj, Ž. (2020). Learning to classify structures in ALS-derived visualizations of ancient maya settlements with CNN. Remote Sensing, 12(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142215

Spanoudi, S., Golfinopoulos, A., & Kalavrouziotis, I. (2021). Water management in ancient Alexandria, Egypt. Comparison with constantinople hydraulic system. Water Supply, 21(7), 3427–3436. https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.128

Šprajc, I., Dunning, N. P., Štajdohar, J., Hernández Gómez, Q., López, I. C., Marsetič, A., Ball, J. W., Dzul Góngora, S., Esparza Olguín, O. Q., Flores Esquivel, A., & Kokalj. (2021). Ancient Maya water management, agriculture, and society in the area of Chactún, Campeche, Mexico. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2020.101261

Šprajc, I., Marsetič, A., Štajdohar, J., Góngora, S. D., Ball, J. W., Olguín, O. E., & Kokalj, Ž. (2022). Archaeological landscape, settlement dynamics, and sociopolitical organization in the Chactún area of the central Maya Lowlands. PLoS ONE, 17(1 January). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262921

Šulyová, D., Vodák, J., & Kubina, M. (2021). Effective management of scarce water resources: From antiquity to today and into the future. Water (Switzerland), 13(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/w13192734

Tani, M., Papaluca, O., & Sasso, P. (2018). The system thinking perspective in the open-innovation research: A systematic review. JOItmC, 4(3), 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc4030038

Toledo, V. M., & Barrera-Bassols, N. (2008). La memoria biocultural. La importancia ecológica de las sabidurías tradicionales. Icaria. http://www.ceapedi.com.ar/imagenes/biblioteca/libreria/364.pdf

Torres, G., Robledo, S., & Berrío, S. R. (2021). Orientación al mercado: importancia, evolución y enfoques emergentes usando análisis cienciométrico. Criteriolibre, 19(35), 326–340. https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-0642/criteriolibre.2021v19n35.8371

Trejos-Salazar, D. F., Duque, P. L., Montoya, L. A., & Montoya, I. A. (2021). Neuroeconomía: una revisión basada en técnicas de mapeo científico. REVISTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN, DESARROLLO E INNOVACIÓN, 11(2), 243–260. https://doi.org/10.19053/20278306.v11.n2.2021.12754

Trendov, N., Varas, S., & Zeng, M. (2019). Tecnologías digitales en la agricultura y las zonas rurales. Documento de orientación. http://www.fao.org/publications/card/es/c/CA4887ES/

Valencia, H. D. S., Robledo, S., Pinilla, R., Duque, M. N. D., & Gerard Tost, O. (2020). SAP algorithm for citation analysis: An improvement to tree of science. Ing. Inv., 40(1), 45–49. https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v40n1.77718

Valipour, M., Ahmed, A. T., Antoniou, G. P., Sala, R., Parise, M., Salgot, M., Bensi, N. S., & Angelakis, A. N. (2020). Sustainability of underground hydro-technologies: From ancient to modern times and toward the future. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(21), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218983

Vallejo-Cabrera, F. A., Salazar-Villarreal, M. del C., Giraldo-Díaz, R., Nieto-Gómez, L. E., & Victorino-Ramírez, L. (2021). Cuidado del agua en Zona de Reserva Campesina-ZRC del corregimiento San Isidro, Pradera, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Idesia (Arica), 39(1), 37–44. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-34292021000100037

Vera, B. M. A., Thelwall, M., & Kousha, K. (2019). Web of Science and Scopus language coverage. Scientometrics, 121(3), 1803–1813. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-019-03264-z

Wallis, W. D. (2007). A beginner’s guide to graph theory. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4580-9

Wittfogel, K. A. (1957). Oriental despotism: A comparative study of total power. Yale University Press. https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb03224.0001.001

Wyatt, A. R. (2014). The scale and organization of ancient Maya water management. WIREs Water, 1(5), 449–467. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1042

Xi, B., Clothier, B., Coleman, M., Duan, J., Hu, W., Li, D., Di, N., Liu, Y., Fu, J., Li, J., Jia, L., & Fernández, J.-E. (2021). Irrigation management in poplar (Populus spp.) plantations: A review. Forest Ecology and Management, 494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119330

Yang, S., Keller, F. B., & Zheng, L. (2016). Social network analysis: Methods and examples. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.com/books/about/Social_Network_Analysis.html?hl=&id=2ZNlDQAAQBAJ LB - 84syV

Yin, D., Xu, C., Jia, H., Yang, Y., Sun, C., Wang, Q., & Liu, S. (2022). Sponge city practices in China: From pilot exploration to systemic demonstration. Water (Switzerland), 14(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/w14101531

Zhang, J., & Luo, Y. (2017). Degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and closeness centrality in social network. In A. Press (Ed.), Proceedings of the 2017 2nd international conference on modelling, simulation and applied mathematics (MSAM2017) (pp. 300–303). https://doi.org/10.2991/msam-17.2017.68

Zhu, J., & Liu, W. (2020). A tale of two databases: The use of Web of Science and Scopus in academic papers. Scientometrics, 123(1), 321–335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03387-8

Zupic, I., Čater, T., & Cater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429–472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629

Zuschke, N. (2020). An analysis of process-tracing research on consumer decision-making. Journal of Business Research, 111, 305–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.01.028

Downloads

Published

12-06-2025

How to Cite

Nieto Gómez, L. E., & Giraldo Díaz, R. (2025). Ancestral water management: An analysis of scientific output using bibliometrics and graph theory. AWARI, 6, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.47909/awari.781

Issue

Vol. 6 (2025): AWARI

Section

Original article

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Libia Esperanza Nieto Gómez, Reinaldo Giraldo Díaz

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.